Geographic Information System (GIS)

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-based system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced data. It integrates hardware, software, data, and people to efficiently capture, manage, analyze, and present all forms of spatial information.

GIS technology combines database operations with unique visualization and geographic analysis capabilities offered by maps. It enables users to view, understand, question, interpret, and visualize data in ways that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes, reports, and charts, facilitating informed decision-making across numerous fields.

Practical Applications

• Urban planning and development for sustainable city growth
• Natural resource management and environmental conservation
• Public health analysis and disease surveillance systems
• Transportation planning and logistics optimization
• Emergency management and disaster response coordination

Related Terms

• Cartography
• Remote Sensing
• Spatial Database
• Web GIS
• Mobile GIS